Eritrea vs Ethiopia
Eritrea vs Ethiopia: Armed forces personnel
Armed forces personnel in 2020: 202,000 people in Eritrea and 138,000 people in Ethiopia, by IISS estimates. In 2020 the value was higher in Eritrea, by 64,000 people, or 1.46 times that in Ethiopia.
people · IISS
What the numbers say
- Eritrea has been higher since 2003, when it overtook Ethiopia.
- In 2020, Eritrea ranked 31 and Ethiopia ranked 44 of 170 countries, counting from the highest.
- The world as a whole: 27.4 million people in 2020.
Every year
people · IISS
| Year | Eritrea | Ethiopia | World |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2020 | 202,000 | 138,000 | 27.4 million |
| 2019 | 202,000 | 138,000 | 27.7 million |
| 2018 | 201,800 | 138,000 | 27.7 million |
| 2017 | 202,000 | 138,000 | 27.4 million |
| 2016 | 201,800 | 138,000 | 27.5 million |
| 2015 | 201,800 | 138,000 | 27.4 million |
| 2014 | 201,800 | 138,000 | 27.3 million |
| 2013 | 201,800 | 138,000 | 27.2 million |
| 2012 | 201,800 | 138,000 | 28.2 million |
| 2011 | 201,800 | 138,000 | 28 million |
| 2010 | 201,800 | 138,000 | 28.1 million |
| 2009 | 201,800 | 138,000 | 27.9 million |
| 2008 | 202,000 | 138,000 | 27.5 million |
| 2007 | 202,000 | 138,000 | 27.3 million |
| 2006 | – | – | 27 million |
| 2005 | 202,000 | 183,000 | 28.5 million |
| 2004 | 201,000 | 182,000 | 27.1 million |
| 2003 | 202,000 | 162,400 | 28.2 million |
| 2002 | 172,200 | 252,500 | 28.3 million |
| 2001 | 171,900 | 252,500 | 28.2 million |
| 2000 | 200,000 | 352,500 | 29.4 million |
| 1999 | 200,000 | 325,500 | 29.6 million |
| 1998 | 47,100 | 120,000 | 29.9 million |
| 1997 | 46,000 | 120,000 | 29.9 million |
| 1996 | 55,000 | 120,000 | 30.2 million |
| 1995 | 55,000 | 120,000 | 30.2 million |
| 1994 | 55,000 | 120,000 | 23.2 million |
| 1993 | 55,000 | 120,000 | 23.7 million |
| 1992 | – | 120,000 | 24.5 million |
| 1991 | – | 120,000 | 22.7 million |
| 1990 | – | 250,000 | 23.9 million |
| 1989 | – | 250,000 | 24.3 million |
| 1985 | – | 217,000 | 22.2 million |
| 1984 | – | 190,000 | – |
| 1983 | – | 240,000 | – |
| 1982 | – | 240,000 | – |
| 1981 | – | 240,000 | – |
| 1980 | – | 250,000 | – |
| 1979 | – | 250,000 | – |
| 1978 | – | 233,000 | – |
| 1977 | – | 225,000 | – |
| 1976 | – | 65,000 | – |
| 1975 | – | 50,000 | – |
| 1974 | – | 45,000 | – |
| 1973 | – | 50,000 | – |
| 1972 | – | 50,000 | – |
| 1971 | – | 45,000 | – |
| 1970 | – | 45,000 | – |
| 1969 | – | 45,000 | – |
| 1968 | – | 45,000 | – |
| 1967 | – | 45,000 | – |
| 1966 | – | 40,000 | – |
| 1965 | – | 60,000 | – |
| 1964 | – | 60,000 | – |
| 1963 | – | 55,000 | – |
| 1962 | – | 30,000 | – |
| 1961 | – | 27,000 | – |
| 1960 | – | 29,000 | – |
| 1959 | – | 29,000 | – |
| 1958 | – | 36,000 | – |
| 1957 | – | 32,000 | – |
| 1956 | – | 28,000 | – |
| 1955 | – | 24,000 | – |
| 1954 | – | 20,000 | – |
| 1953 | – | 20,000 | – |
| 1952 | – | 20,000 | – |
| 1951 | – | 20,000 | – |
| 1950 | – | 20,000 | – |
| 1949 | – | 10,000 | – |
| 1948 | – | 10,000 | – |
| 1947 | – | 10,000 | – |
| 1946 | – | 10,000 | – |
| 1936 | – | 500,000 | – |
| 1935 | – | 100,000 | – |
| 1934 | – | 100,000 | – |
| 1933 | – | 100,000 | – |
| 1932 | – | 100,000 | – |
| 1931 | – | 100,000 | – |
| 1930 | – | 100,000 | – |
| 1929 | – | 100,000 | – |
| 1928 | – | 100,000 | – |
| 1927 | – | 100,000 | – |
| 1926 | – | 100,000 | – |
| 1925 | – | 100,000 | – |
| 1924 | – | 100,000 | – |
| 1923 | – | 100,000 | – |
| 1922 | – | 100,000 | – |
| 1921 | – | 100,000 | – |
| 1920 | – | 100,000 | – |
| 1919 | – | 100,000 | – |
| 1918 | – | 250,000 | – |
| 1917 | – | 250,000 | – |
| 1916 | – | 250,000 | – |
| 1915 | – | 250,000 | – |
| 1914 | – | 250,000 | – |
| 1913 | – | 150,000 | – |
| 1912 | – | 150,000 | – |
| 1911 | – | 150,000 | – |
| 1910 | – | 150,000 | – |
| 1909 | – | 150,000 | – |
| 1908 | – | 150,000 | – |
| 1907 | – | 150,000 | – |
| 1906 | – | 150,000 | – |
| 1905 | – | 150,000 | – |
| 1904 | – | 150,000 | – |
| 1903 | – | 150,000 | – |
| 1902 | – | 150,000 | – |
| 1901 | – | 150,000 | – |
| 1900 | – | 150,000 | – |
| 1899 | – | 150,000 | – |
| 1898 | – | 150,000 | – |
- 12.3Estimates, Correlates of War
Each country on its own
Good to know
- Active-duty military personnel, with paramilitary forces where they are trained and equipped like soldiers, by the IISS Military Balance.
- Source: IISS, The Military Balance, via the World Bank.
- Before 1985: Correlates of War Project, National Material Capabilities v7.0; Singer, Bremer and Stuckey (1972), “Capability Distribution, Uncertainty, and Major Power War, 1820–1965”, in Bruce Russett (ed.), Peace, War, and Numbers, Sage, 19–48.
- Ranks count the 170 countries with a value in 2020, highest first.
- The faint line is the world as a whole, as the same source counts it.
How the layers work, where their data comes from and what they can’t tell you: Countries through time
Eritrea vs Ethiopia
Health
- Life expectancyEritrea: 68.6 years in 2023Ethiopia: 67.3 years in 2023
- Child mortalityEritrea: 3.4 per 100 live births in 2024Ethiopia: 4.5 per 100 live births in 2024
- Infant mortalityEritrea: 27.1 per 1,000 live births in 2023Ethiopia: 33 per 1,000 live births in 2023
- DepressionEritrea: 3.87% in 2017Ethiopia: 3.82% in 2017
- Suicide rateEritrea: 15.7 per 100,000 people in 2017Ethiopia: 9.6 per 100,000 people in 2017
People
- PopulationEritrea: 3.47 million people in 2023Ethiopia: 129 million people in 2023
- Population growthEritrea: 1.81% a year in 2023Ethiopia: 2.59% a year in 2023
- Fertility rateEritrea: 3.71 births per woman in 2023Ethiopia: 3.99 births per woman in 2023
- Urban populationEritrea: 34.5% in 2025Ethiopia: 24.1% in 2025
- Median ageEritrea: 18.7 years in 2023Ethiopia: 18.7 years in 2023
- People aged 65 and overEritrea: 4.2% in 2023Ethiopia: 3.2% in 2023
- Net migration rateEritrea: -4.4 per 1,000 people in 2023Ethiopia: -0.1 per 1,000 people in 2023
Economy
Education
Politics
Conflict
Military
- Military spendingEritrea: 20.87% of GDP in 2003Ethiopia: 0.49% of GDP in 2025
- Military spending per personEritrea: $75 in 2003Ethiopia: $4 in 2025
- Military share of state spendingEritrea: 46.4% of government spending in 2003Ethiopia: 4.1% of government spending in 2025
- National powerEritrea: 0.31% of world capability in 2022Ethiopia: 0.85% of world capability in 2022
- Armed forces, share of workersEritrea: 13.29% of the labour force in 2020Ethiopia: 0.28% of the labour force in 2020
- Arms importsEritrea: 4 million TIV in 2007Ethiopia: 63 million TIV in 2025
- Arms exportsEritrea: 0 TIV in 2006Ethiopia: 17 million TIV in 1997